First- and Second-Order Logics Suppose I show you an apple, and ask you: Is it one truth, or is it many? What will you answer? Here are some facts to consider. The taste, smell, color, shape, size, and weight are many truths about the apple. So, obviously, there are many […]
Philosophy
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Four Defects of Human Knowledge
Descriptions of Verbal Testimony Vedic texts cite four fundamental defects of souls “conditioned” by the material energy—(a) imperfect senses, (b) illusions, (c) committing mistakes, and (d) cheating propensity. All living entities are incapable of acquring perfect knowledge through their senses, mind, and intellect due to the presence of these four […]
Philosophy
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Truth, Right, and Good are Mutually Defined
Alternative Conceptions of Truth Truth in Vedic philosophy is defined quite differently than in Western philosophy. While Western philosophy talks about empirical and rational proofs of truth, Vedic philosophy gives the following peculiar conception of truth. If you reject the truth, then you will commit bad deeds; due to those […]
Philosophy
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The Modal Conception of Reality
Human Modes of Understanding Even as Western epistemology is defined as the theory knowledge, owing to numerous dualisms in Western philosophy, such as the separation of the observer and the observed, it has never been clear if epistemology can meet its goals. In this article, I will discuss the problems […]